在临时建筑领域，钢结构板房以其建造周期短、适应性强等优势占据重要地位。作为整个建筑体系的根基，地基基础的质量直接决定着板房的使用与寿命。本文将从技术规范、施工要点、质量控制三个维度，系统解析钢结构板房地基基础的核心要求。

　　In the field of temporary construction, steel structure panel houses occupy an important position due to their advantages of short construction period and strong adaptability. As the foundation of the entire building system, the quality of the foundation directly determines the safety and lifespan of the prefabricated house. This article will systematically analyze the core requirements of steel structure slab house foundation from three dimensions: technical specifications, construction points, and quality control.

　　一、地质适应性设计原则

　　1、 Principles of Geological Adaptability Design

　　面对复杂的地质条件，需建立三级地质适应机制。在项目启动阶段，必须完成地质勘察报告，分析土层承载力、地下水位、可液化土层分布等参数。对于持力层承载力低于120kPa的软弱地基，采用换填法处理，用级配砂石置换300-500mm厚的软土层，经平板载荷试验验证，处理后地基承载力可提升180kPa以上。

　　Faced with complex geological conditions, it is necessary to establish a three-level geological adaptation mechanism. During the project initiation phase, a geological survey report must be completed, with a focus on analyzing parameters such as soil bearing capacity, groundwater level, and distribution of liquefiable soil layers. For weak foundations with a bearing capacity of less than 120kPa, it is recommended to use the replacement method to replace the 300-500mm thick soft soil layer with graded sand and gravel. After verification through plate load tests, the bearing capacity of the treated foundation can be increased to over 180kPa.

　　当基础底板或桩端接近不同性质土层交界面时，需遵循"同层贯穿"原则。某物流仓储项目实践表明，通过加深基础埋深同一稳定土层，使整体沉降差控制在0.3%以内，有效避免结构倾斜。在地震活跃区域，对可液化土层需采取加密措施，采用振冲法处理时，砂土液化指数降低幅度可达65%。

　　When the foundation slab or pile end approaches the interface of different soil layers, the principle of "same layer penetration" should be followed. The practice of a logistics warehousing project has shown that by deepening the foundation burial depth to the same stable soil layer, the overall settlement difference can be controlled within 0.3%, effectively avoiding structural tilt. In earthquake active areas, densification measures need to be taken for liquefiable soil layers. When using the vibration method for treatment, the liquefaction index of sandy soil can be reduced by up to 65%.

　　二、基础施工核心技术标准

　　2、 Core Technical Standards for Basic Construction

　　基础施工需严格执行五阶质量控制法：在测量放线阶段，采用GPS-RTK技术进行基础定位，平面位置偏差控制在±20mm以内。基槽开挖后应进行基底验槽，检查土质均匀性，当发现暗沟、墓穴等异常地质时，需采用混凝土灌注桩进行局部加固。

　　The foundation construction must strictly follow the five stage quality control method: during the surveying and setting out stage, GPS-RTK technology is used for foundation positioning, and the plane position deviation is controlled within ± 20mm. After excavation of the foundation trench, a foundation inspection should be carried out, with a focus on checking the uniformity of the soil. When abnormal geological conditions such as hidden ditches and tombs are found, concrete cast-in-place piles should be used for local reinforcement.

　　混凝土浇筑环节需控制三大关键参数：基础混凝土强度等级不低于C20，坍落度保持在120-160mm区间，浇筑完成12小时后开始养护，养护期不少于7天。对于独立基础，底板长宽误差需控制在±10mm，基础顶面标高偏差不超过±5mm。在冻土地区，基础埋深需超过设计冻深线500mm，防止冻胀破坏。

　　Three key parameters need to be controlled during the concrete pouring process: the strength grade of the foundation concrete should not be lower than C20, the slump should be maintained within the range of 120-160mm, and curing should begin 12 hours after pouring is completed, with a curing period of not less than 7 days. For independent foundations, the length and width error of the base plate should be controlled within ± 10mm, and the elevation deviation of the foundation top surface should not exceed ± 5mm. In frozen soil areas, the foundation burial depth should exceed the design frost depth line by 500mm to prevent frost heave damage.

　　三、特殊地质条件处理方案

　　3、 Special geological condition treatment plan

　　针对湿陷性黄土地区，采用灰土挤密桩复合地基技术，通过沉管法成孔并灌注2:8灰土，经检测复合地基承载力特征值可达220kPa。在膨胀土区域，基础侧面需涂刷沥青防水层，并在基底设置300mm厚砂石垫层，有效缓解土体胀缩变形。对于山区坡地，采用台阶式基础处理，每阶高度不超过1.5m，设置地锚桩增强抗滑稳定性。

　　For the collapsible loess area, the composite foundation technology of lime soil compaction pile is adopted. The hole is formed by sinking tube method and 2:8 lime soil is injected. The characteristic value of the bearing capacity of the composite foundation can reach 220kPa after testing. In the expansive soil area, the foundation side needs to be coated with an asphalt waterproof layer, and a 300mm thick sand and gravel cushion layer should be set on the base to effectively alleviate soil swelling and shrinkage deformation. For mountainous slopes, a stepped foundation treatment is adopted, with each step not exceeding 1.5m in height, and anchor piles are installed to enhance anti sliding stability.

　　四、质量验收与监测体系

　　4、 Quality Acceptance and Monitoring System

　　建立三级验收制度：材料进场时检查混凝土配合比报告、钢筋力学性能检测报告；施工过程中实施旁站监理，监督钢筋绑扎、模板支护等工序；竣工验收阶段进行地基承载力检测、基础沉降观测。采用静载荷试验确定地基承载力，当极差不超过30%时，可判定为均匀地基。

　　Establish a three-level acceptance system: check the concrete mix ratio report and steel reinforcement mechanical performance testing report when materials enter the site; Implement on-site supervision during the construction process, with a focus on supervising processes such as steel bar binding and formwork support; Conduct foundation bearing capacity testing and foundation settlement observation during the completion acceptance stage. It is recommended to use static load tests to determine the bearing capacity of the foundation. When the range does not exceed 30%, it can be judged as a uniform foundation.

　　在监测环节，埋设分层沉降磁环和测斜管，对工程进行为期6个月的沉降跟踪观测。某数据中心项目实践表明，通过建立BIM+GIS监测平台，可实现沉降数据的实时可视化，预警响应时间缩短2小时内。

　　In the monitoring phase, layered settlement magnetic rings and inclinometers are buried to conduct a 6-month settlement tracking observation of key projects. The practice of a data center project has shown that by establishing a BIM+GIS monitoring platform, real-time visualization of settlement data can be achieved, and the warning response time can be shortened to within 2 hours.

　　五、维护保养技术规范

　　5、 Technical specifications for maintenance and upkeep

　　制定年度维护计划，检查基础裂缝、钢筋锈蚀等情况。当发现宽度超过0.3mm的裂缝时，需采用压力灌浆法修补，选用环氧树脂浆液，注浆压力控制在0.2-0.5MPa。对于沿海高腐蚀环境，建议每3年进行基础防腐处理，采用热喷涂锌铝合金涂层，厚度不低于120μm。

　　Develop an annual maintenance plan, with a focus on inspecting foundation cracks, steel corrosion, and other issues. When cracks with a width exceeding 0.3mm are found, pressure grouting method should be used for repair, using epoxy resin slurry and grouting pressure controlled at 0.2-0.5MPa. For highly corrosive coastal environments, it is recommended to carry out basic anti-corrosion treatment every 3 years, using thermal spray zinc aluminum alloy coating with a thickness of not less than 120 μ m.

　　钢结构板房地基基础的技术体系，是地质工程学与结构工程学的深度融合。通过科学的地质适应性设计、严格的施工过程控制、精准的特殊地质处理、完善的质量验收机制以及系统的维护保养制度，可构建起全生命周期的质量保障体系。这种技术体系不仅适用于临时建筑，对性轻钢结构建筑同样具有参考价值，代表着现代建筑工业化发展的重要方向。

　　The technical system of steel structure slab house foundation is a deep integration of geological engineering and structural engineering. Through scientific geological adaptability design, strict construction process control, precise special geological treatment, perfect quality acceptance mechanism, and systematic maintenance system, a quality assurance system for the entire life cycle can be established. This technological system is not only applicable to temporary buildings, but also has reference value for permanent light steel structure buildings, representing an important direction for the development of modern building industrialization.

　　本文由禹城彩钢复合板友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击:http://www.lxcaigang.com真诚的态度.为您提供为的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Yucheng Steel Structure Plate House For more information, please click: http://www.lxcaigang.com Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.